Lepiota aspera
The freckeld dapperling, Lepiota aspera.
Credit: User:Strobilomyces
Photo source: Wikimedia Commons (GFDL).
Common name
Freckled dapperling
Synonyms
Agaricus acutesquamosus Weinm.
Agaricus asper Pers.
Agaricus elvensis Berk. & Broome
Agaricus friesii Lasch
Agaricus friesii subsp. acutesquamosus (Weinm.) Fr.
Agaricus mariae Klotzsch
Amanita aspera (Pers.) Pers.
Amanita rubens f. aspera (Fr.) Veselý
Amplariella aspera (Vittad.) E.-J. Gilbert
Cystolepiota acutesquamosa (Weinm.) Bon
Cystolepiota aspera (Pers.) Bon
Cystolepiota friesii (Lasch) Bon
Echinoderma acutesquamosum (Weinm.) Bon
Echinoderma asperum (Pers.) Bon
Echinoderma friesii (Lasch) Bon
Lepiota acutesquamosa (Weinm.) P. Kumm.
Lepiota acutesquamosa var. furcata Kühner
Lepiota aspera var. acutesquamosa (Weinm.) Singer
Lepiota friesii (Lasch) Quél., Mém. Soc. Émul. Montbéliard
Lepiota friesii var. acutesquamosa (Weinm.) Quél.
Description
Cap: 3–11 cm wide, at first convex, becoming plane, sometimes with a central knob; disc with brown fibrous scales and dark pointed warts, warts deciduous and tufts of dark fibers remain in their scars; margin like the disc.
Gills: free, white, crowded, sometimes forked, edges usually eroded.
Spore print: white.
Stem: 6–11 cm long, top 8–12 mm thick; slightly club-shaped or bulbous; stuffed or hollow; silky smooth above, brown fibrous below; sometimes with dark pointed warts at the base.
Ring: membranous to cobwebby; usually persistent when membranous, not movable, sometimes with dark pointed warts at the margin.
Habitat: solitary to scattered on rich soil, humus, forest debris.
Edibility: edible with caution.
Spores: 6.5–9 (11) × 2–3.5 µm, oblong, without a germ pore, hyaline to pale yellow in Melzer’s.
Medicinal properties
Antitumor effects
Polysaccharides extracted from the mycelial culture of L. aspera and administered intraperitoneally into white mice at a dosage of 300 mg/kg inhibited the growth of Sarcoma 180 and Ehrlich solid cancers by 70% (Ohtsuka et al., 1973).
A dichloromethane extract of Lepiota aspera was shown to be antibacterial towards Escherichia coli and Bacillus subtilis. Additionally, this extract was molluscicidal toward Biomphalaria glabrata (Keller et al., 2002).
Links
There are some nice photosets at BioImages, and also at BioPix. Also, check out Mushroom Expert, and Roger’s Mushrooms for more information.
Keller C, Maillard M, Keller J, Hostettmann K.
Screening of European fungi for antibacterial, antifungal, larvicidal, molluscicidal, antioxidant and free-radical scavenging activities and subsequent isolation of bioactive compounds.
Pharm Biol. 2002 40(7):518-25.
Informaworld
Ohtsuka S, Ueno S, Yoshikumi C, Hirose F, Ohmura Y, Wada T, Fujii T, Takahashi E.
Polysaccharides having an anticarcinogenic effect and a method of producing them from species of Basidiomycetes.
UK Patent 1331513, 26 September 1973.
Last modified: 26-Sep-2008
